Find the version of executable file and database package

1. When see below lines in request log, SQL statement could be used to find the executable name.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Copyright (c) 1979, 1999, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
    MSCPLD module: Loader Worker With Direct Load Option
    +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Step1
SQL> select EXECUTABLE_NAME,EXECUTION_FILE_NAME,EXECUTION_FILE_PATH
 from fnd_executables
 where EXECUTABLE_NAME like '%MSCPLD%';

EXECUTABLE_NAME    EXECUTION_FILE_NAME        EXECUTION_FILE_PATH
MSCPLD                          MSCPLD.sh   

Step 2. Then, use "locate" to find the file:
$ locate MSCPLD.sh
 /u02/app/EBSDEV/apps/apps_st/appl/msc/12.0.0/bin/MSCPLD.sh

2. How to get the header file versions of all the header files for an executable in Unix

Example 1
$ cd $AP_TOP/bin
$ strings -a APXXTR |grep Header

Example 2, ARRGTA file:
$ strings -a $AR_TOP/bin/ARRGTA | grep '$Header'

SELECT /* $Header: fdffvs.lc 120.17.12010000.8 2010/05/07 22:42:10 tebarnes ship $ */ event_code, user_exit FROM fnd_flex_validation_events WHERE flex_value_set_id = :id ORDER BY event_code
SELECT /* $Header: fdffvs.lc 120.17.12010000.8 2010/05/07 22:42:10 tebarnes ship $ */ additional_where_clause FROM fnd_flex_validation_tables WHERE flex_value_set_id = :id
$Header: arrgta.opc 120.9 2006/06/27 17:16:49 rkader ship $
$Header: arjbal.lpc 120.2 2005/10/24 14:13:01 srivasud ship $
$Header: arjigl.lpc 120.18.12010000.6 2009/10/05 20:43:34 mraymond ship $
 .......

Notes: "strings" can also get Java file's version:
$ strings -a $JAVA_TOP/oracle/apps/frm/xdo/bne/utilities/FrmUploadModule.class |grep '$Header'
S$Header: FrmUploadModule.java 120.2.12010000.16 2014/05/09 05:25:46 jsiripur ship $

3. Use below statement to get database package version applied to the database:
SQL> select * from dba_source where name='XXXXX' and line=2;
Example:
select text from dba_source where name='AP_ACCTG_DATA_FIX_PKG' and line=2;
TEXT
/* $Header: apgdfals.pls 120.1.12010000.21 2013/09/05 13:06:08 pshivara ship $ */
/* $Header: apgdfalb.pls 120.1.12010000.68 2013/10/24 11:27:22 rseeta ship $ */

To check the code file version on file system, use
$ grep -i Header $AP_TOP/patch/115/sql/apgdfalb.pls

NOTE1: EBS utility adident (in unix, windows and other OS) can also be used to provide the file versions.
NOTE2: Before applying a patch, you may check if there a higher version of file in other patches:
How to find the Latest/Newest Version of an Oracle Receivables File (Doc ID 1584999.1)